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yugoslavia population 1960
Unlike the overwhelmingly peasant South Slav population, of whom more than three-quarters lived in villages in the twentieth century, the Jewish population was heavily urban and middle class, residing mainly in the larger cities and towns. Other WIZO members also worked hard to improve the status of women and girls in both Yugoslavia and Palestine. google_ad_width = 160;
Italian authorities transferred some of these Jews to camps in Italy, such as Ferramonte, while others managed to escape to Italy on their own. Sarajevo: Bosanska knjiga, 1997. Due to linguistic and political barriers, as well as geographical isolation in the Balkans, it is somewhat difficult to evaluate the overall importance of the contributions of the Jewish women of former Yugoslavia to literature, scholarship and the arts. Zagreb: Novi liber, 2001. A "calling up" to the Torah during its reading in the synagogue. Among the survivors, Roza Papo became the first female major-general in the Yugoslav Army after the war; several other Jewish women Partisans also continued to serve as army physicians as well. Poslovice i Izreke Sefardskih Jevreja Bosne I Hercegovine (Proverbs and Sayings of the the Sephardi Jews of Bosnia and Herzegovina). A significant wave of immigration from the former Yugoslavia to Switzerland occurred during the 1990s and 2000s. We've detected that you are using AdBlock Plus or some other adblocking software which is preventing the page from fully loading. Belgrade: Nolit, 1986. The Yugoslav Among those Yugoslav Jews who made aliyah to Israel, however, a few of the younger women became actively involved in Hitahdut olej Jugoslavije, the association of migrs from Yugoslavia, including writer Ana omlo-Nini and physician Ivana Vajsbleh (b.1941), who served as its president; writer Jennie Lebel (b.1927), who edited its newsletter; and social worker and educator Miriam Steiner Aviezer (b.1935). (In the Company of Man). The .gov means its official. Jewish women in Yugoslavia worked as physicians and health professionals, teachers, professors, scientific researchers, social workers, art historians and curators, lawyers, engineers, civil servants, and secretaries. Maribor, Slovenia: Zalozba Obzorja, 1985. They visited elderly shut-ins on a regular basis and even set up a small beauty parlor in order to keep womens spirits alive. ][13][unreliable source?] 1991 Apr-Jun;45(2):157-66. The 1960 total does not include members of the Armed Forces and their dependents living abroad, crews of Amercian vessels at sea or in foreign ports, and American citizens living in foreign countries. Zagreb: Lykos, 1961 (Selection of poems of Bertold Brecht in Croatian). Zbornik 2. In December 1941, she was arrested, tortured and sent to the Banjica camp, then transferred to Sajmite, the Jewish concentration camp; soon thereafter, she was murdered in a gas van. Prie o Ani (The Story of Anna). "ascent." Novi Sad, Serbia: Bratstvo-Jedinstvo, 1958 (Journal of sufferings in Nazi camps). The members of Bohoreta were involved in issuing identity cards to all remaining members of the Jewish community and their extended families, entitling them to receive humanitarian aid from the Joint Distribution Committee. 0-35 (Poor-VF) 20-58 (VF-AU) 60-70 (MS/PR) Summary; Comprehensive; Estimates on the actual ethnic composition of former Yugoslav immigrants in Switzerland are mostly left to Die Heimatlosen (The Homeless). As of 2009, nationals of successor states of Yugoslavia are registered as follows: By 1995, there were 40,000 Macedonian citizens in Switzerland. With the 1910, 1.7
Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1979. //-->. A group of Yugoslav women partisans, including Dr. Roza Papo, lower center. In terms of ethnicity, these populations consist mostly of Albanians, Bosniaks, Serbs, Croats and Macedonians. Sections are included on natural population increase, including fertility, family planning, and mortality; migration, both internal and international; and changes in population characteristics. 1.1
Holokaust u Zagrebu. Der Dichter in der Barbarei. The status of women in public life improved significantly in socialist Yugoslavia, at least on paper. (2010), 41-42, 67-70. Shortly after the war started in Bosnia in April 1992, Sonja Elazar (b.1946) was instrumental in re-establishing and leading a Jewish womens group in Sarajevo, which was named Bohoreta in memory of Laura Levi Papo LaBohoreta, a Sephardi writer of the early twentieth century. broke away from Serbian control in 1999 and officially declared itself
1885
On the whole, Sephardi womens lives most closely resembled the pattern set by their Jewish sisters elsewhere in the former Ottoman Empire, but they were also influenced somewhat by the customs of their Serbian Orthodox or Muslim neighbors. They were freer to move around and looked after household matters themselves. There was a severe shortage of physicians in the Partisan forces at the beginning of the war and almost no trained nurses. Belgrade: 1960; Jun-Broda, Ina. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Sephardi women thus lived a very sheltered existence in the South Slav lands before the twentieth century. 1890
united with Serbia and Montenegro in the kingdom of Yugoslavia. 1939-40
A seven-day festival to commemorate the Exodus from Egypt (eight days outside Israel) beginning on the 15, The Jewish New Year, held on the first and second days of the Hebrew month of Tishrei. The idea of a Southern Slavic federation began to take shape in the early 20th century, as the two empires that had dominated the region of the Southern Slavs, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, were on the decline. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. At first, many Jewish parents were reluctant to send their daughters to this school because they did not consider education necessary for girls. Hundreds of Jewish women perished in Hungarian raids, such as the Novi Sad racija in 1942; thousands more were deported to Auschwitz and other camps in 1944, after the Germans took over Hungary. Tel Aviv, Histahdut Olei Yugoslavia, 1993. Freidenreich, Harriet Pass. Of the many religions, Islam, Roman Catholicism, Judaism, and Protestantism, as well as various Eastern Orthodox faiths, composed the religions of Yugoslavia, comprising over 40 in all. In early 1942 this group was killed in gas vans driving through the streets of Belgrade to burial grounds in Jajinci. Laura Levi Papo (18911941), who was nicknamed La Bohoreta (the eldest girl), was one of the most popular literary figures in interwar Sarajevo. Buy, sell, trade and exchange collectibles easily with Colnect collectors community. Poorer girls, who in the past had generally been compelled to seek employment in the households of the rich, were increasingly being taught sewing and other useful trades. Women thus significantly outnumbered men within the remnant Jewish communities after the war. Croatia and Slovenia declared independence, triggering intervention by the federal Yugoslav army. 0.1
Ashkenazi women who lived in Croatia-Slavonia or the Vojvodina in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century were generally more westernized and more highly educated than their Sephardi sisters, but were less acculturated to their South Slav environment, since most of their families were relatively recent arrivals to the area. The authors include novelist and memoirist Vilma Miskolczy Vukeli (18801956), poet and translator Ina Jun-Broda (18991983) from Croatia; writer, dramatist and translator Julija Klopfer Najman (19051989), writer and translator Mina Kovaevi (b.1920), and novelist Gordana Kui (b.1942) from Belgrade; poet and author Judita algo (19411996) from Novi Sad; and novelist and childrens storywriter Zlata Voka-Medic (19261995) from Slovenia. Many thousands of Jewish women and children, along with their fathers, husbands and brothers, were rounded up and sent to Ustaa-run concentration camps, including the Stara Gradika camp for women and children and other sub-camps of Jasenovac, as well as Loborgrad, Djakovo, and Lepoglava, where the vast majority of Croatian and Bosnian Jewry suffered and died. Nuo has created 3 albums (one with Warner Music Group). Denver: Arden Press, 1990. MeSH This list of Jewish Partisan women includes 384 nurses, thirty-nine physicians, nineteen medics, eighteen pharmacists, and about fifty other medical personnel; more than a hundred of these women lost their lives during the fighting. Several Jewish women, including Silvana Morpurgo Mladinov (19141998), a lawyer in Split, Zlata Margulies (19061988) in Osijek, Roza Fertig-varc (19142001), a physician and retired colonel in the Yugoslav Army in Ljubljana, and Flora Pinkas Klein (19091982), a civil servant in Jajce, assumed the presidency of small Jewish communities, but on the whole womens participation as communal volunteers was most visible in separate Womens Sections created within the framework of the larger Jewish communities after 1951. Several women physicians were promoted to officer rank and received military decorations for their war service; out of thirty-nine Jewish women physicians fighting with the Partisans, thirteen lost their lives. Flora Kabilio Jagoda, who was born into a musical family in Sarajevo in 1923 and emigrated to the United States in 1946, has also helped to preserve the Bosnian Sephardi folklore heritage. The Jews of Yugoslavia: A Quest for Community. Parallel trends also occurred within the Jewish community. 1914) from the Vojvodina; and Klara First (19081944) and Frida Guttmann (18961944), foreign-born women who practiced medicine in Serbia. Authors Note: I would like to thank the following individuals for the information and materials they provided which enabled me to conduct the research for this entry long distance: Eta Najfeld-Spitzer and Milica Mihailovi in Belgrade; Branko Poli, Milita vob, and Julia Kos in Zagreb; Dragica Levi and Sonja Elazar in Sarajevo; Jennie Lebel, Ana omlo, Dina Katan Ben-Zion, and Miriam Aviezer in Israel; Sanja Primorac and Dora Klayman in Washington; and Vesna Najfeld in New York. (Viewed on December 7, 2022)